The evolution of ethnic relations afghanistan is a heterogeneous society of pashtuns, tajiks, uzbeks, hazaras, aimaqs constituting about 50%, 26%, 8%, 7%, and 6%, respectively, of the. Mar 25, 2016 hazaras are the most discriminated ethnic groups in afghanistan and somehow around the world. Persistant rumors hold that they are descended from genghis khans army, members of which mixed with the local persian and turkic people. The conflict between the hazara and the pashtun started when abdur rahman khan became the ruler of afghanistan. Despite the absence of an official census, the hazaras today are estimated to represent somewhere between ten and 20 percent of afghanistans roughly 30 million inhabitants. The book said that my people had killed the hazaras, driven them from their lands, burned their homes, and sold their women. The history of their relationship with the afghan state has been punctuated by frequent episodes of ethnic cleansing, mass dispossession, forced displacement, enslavement and social and economic exclusion.
Pashtuns have traditionally dominated afghanistan, so the extent that the term. Difference between hazara and pashtun tweet key difference. Most hazaras are illiterate and have never been educated. Pashtun, pashtospeaking people residing primarily in the region that lies between the hindu kush in northeastern afghanistan and the northern stretch of the indus river in pakistan. Most pashtuns are sunni muslims, however a small minority are shia. Jul 19, 2010 hazaras are victims of the blame game in afghanistan kamran mir hazar the taliban persecute hazaras, but this is ignored by the us as it doesnt fit the script fed to them by their afghan sycophants. Hazaras connecting to the kite runner continued they called him flatnosed because of ali and hassans characteristic hazara mongoloid features. The hazaras are mostly shia musliam, speak a distinct dialect of persian, and appear asiatic. Research on history of hazaras, 2000 tehran, page 11 2 history of qums page. The kite runner and the problem of racism and ethnicity scipress. Report hazaras and afghan insurgent groups refworld. By his very nature a pashtun republican will seek to be elected to power and for equality. Most of the things mentioned in this book are false. Ethnic composition of afghanistan afghanistan is a multiethnic country with an estimated population of about 30 million world fact book, 2012.
Get an answer for were you surprised to learn about the racial tension between the pashtuns and hazaras in afghanistan. Specifically, pashtuns in the kandahar region have a tradition that they are descended from the grecomacedonian troops of alexander the great, who invaded the area in b. The history of the hazaras is not even taught in school solely because of their beliefs. Hazaras and pushtons are two different ethnic groups of afghanistan.
Despite the absence of an official census, the hazaras today are estimated to represent somewhere between ten and 20 percent of. What are some of the reasons behind the hazara pashtun. The word hazara the real origins and meaning of the word hazara is unknown. Hazaras are considered as persian speaking people and they mainly inhabit central afghanistan. Pashtuns and hazaras in the kite runner 823 words bartleby. Most contemporary journalistic and scholarly accounts of the instability gripping afghanistan and pakistan have argued that violent islamic extremism. History the sunni and shia muslims have had a history of conflict. Hassan pouladi in his book about hazaras of afghanistan mentions that the theory. The book said that my people had killed the hazaras, driven them from their lands. The decline of the pashtuns in afghanistan anwarulhaq ahady. What are the differences between the pashtuns and the hazaras. When amir showed the history book on the hazaras to his teacher, he reacted with disgust, the following week, after class, i showed the book to my teacher and pointed to the chapter on the hazaras. The h azaras hazaras are among few races on the face of the earth about whose origin so little is known.
Once, while looking through history books, amir discovered information. Difference between hazara and pashtun hazara vs pashtun. Traditionally, the hazaras were placed as the lower class while. Who are the pashtun people of afghanistan and pakistan. Pashtun history important pashtun rulers have included the lodi dynasty, which ruled afghanistan and northern india during the delhi sultanate period 1206 to 1526 c. The ethnic and racial prejudice towards the hazaras is a driving force behind. Jul 26, 2016 isil killed at least 80 from afghanistans hazara community and wounded more than 230 during a peaceful protest on saturday.
The hazaras have been persecuted because of of sunni dominance, and have been persecuted by the pashtuns, and throughout history, many examples of persecution led to revolution, but failed, and made life worse for the already bad lifestyles of the hazaras. However, we do hold resentment towards the genocide of our people. Before this investigation i was unaware of what these ethnic groups represented. Amir discovers that the pashtuns have a long history of oppression towards the hazaras. Discrimination sets into place as we learn about the history between the two family lines. There is a serious conflict between these two groups which started shortly after the founding of afghanistan in 1747. As the hazara people do not have a written history of their own, nothing can be proven.
Hazara people are turkic people and descendants of the kushans. The hazara are an afghan ethnic minority group of mixed persian, mongolian, and turkic ancestry. Israelite origin of the pashtuns and pathans pashtuns history. When amir showed the history book on the hazaras to his teacher, he reacted with disgust. Pakistani pathans pashtuns traced back goes to prophet benyamin who was the brother of prophet joseph and their father name was prophet jacob.
An historical, cultural, economic and political study. What are some quotes about hazaras being denied an. Hazaras have been systematically discriminated against by pashtuns and others during the afghan prewar periods, says thomas ruttig, codirector of the afghanistan analysts network. Some hazaras also have the haplogroup r1a1am17, e1b1b1m35, lm20 and hm69, which are common in tajiks, pashtuns and indians. What are the differences between the pashtuns and the. Hazaras are the most discriminated ethnic groups in afghanistan and somehow around the world. The book said a lot of things i didnt know, things my teachers hadnt mentioned. Pashtuns oxford research encyclopedia of asian history. Theyre opinion of someone who wants to portray the hazaras and history in a bad way.
Jul 25, 2015 the history between hazaras and pashtuns has been very rough. The afghans had lived for years at peace with their hazara neighbours. The battle of uruzgan was between the pashtun and the hazara people. Shia muslim hazaras had also forced pashtun people to flee because of their. In one study, a small minority had the haplogroup bm60, normally found in east africa, and in one mtdna study of hazara, mtdna haplogroup l which is of african origin was detected at a frequency of 7. Some beliefs include the evil eye, ghosts, and several other superstitions about animals and nighttime. It said the hazaras had tried to rise against the pashtuns in the nineteenth century, but the pashtuns had quelled them with unspeakable violence. The pashtuns have been dominant in afghanistan and believe that they should be the only ones to reside in afghanistan. The unresolved key to the future of pakistan and afghanistan abubakar siddique on. For years, that was all i knew about the hazaras, that they were mogul descendants, and that they.
Can you think of any culture in the world without a history of oppression. Sep, 2011 the hazaras are shiite muslims, and the pashtuns are sunni muslims. They may be remnants of the troops that carried out the siege of bamiyan in 1221. Most of what amir learns about the hazaras heritage is from an outdated history book of his mothers. The history of the pashtun people is ancient and has not been fully researched. The conflict between two groups has gone on for centuries, and it began shortly after the founding of afghanistan in 1747. The book said part of the reason pashtuns had oppressed the hazaras was that pashtuns were sunni muslims, while hazaras were shia. Different ethnicities in afghanistan and position of hazaras among them 17 i pashtuns. The author in this book goes into depth about the fascism and racism from other writers, afghan and nonafghans regarding hazaras. The pashtuns, who live in afghanistan, pakistan and india, have a very special tradition, which says they are bene israel, and is widely spread among some of the pashtun tribes. But who are afghanistans hazara and why do they continue to suffer. Abdur rahman khan favored the pashtun people and despised the hazara people. They constitute the majority of the population of afghanistan and bore the exclusive name of afghan before that name. Dec 10, 2012 pakistani pathans pashtuns traced back goes to prophet benyamin who was the brother of prophet joseph and their father name was prophet jacob.
For example, abdur rahman, as an emir, wanted to bring hazaras under his control. The pashtuns are of the sunni religion whereas the hazaras are the shia, however both groups are considered muslims. In the history book, amir reads that a confrontation between the hazaras and the pashtuns occurred in the 19th century. It said the hazaras had tried to rise against the pashtuns in the nineteenth century, but the. The taliban are a group of severely right wing pashtuns. The quote you have chosen is an excellent one to support the book s point that hazaras were destined for a life of servitude at this time in afghanistans history.
Hazaras historically have less formal education than people from other parts of the country. The persecution of hazara people refers to discrimination against the hazaras, who are. The hazaras of afghanistan have borne the brunt of many of the destructive forces unleashed by the establishment of the afghan monarchy in 1747. There are different theories about the origins of hazaras. Hazaras are members of an afghan ethnic minority group, whereas the pashtuns are a united group of tribes composing the largest ethnic group of afghanistan.
Isil killed at least 80 from afghanistans hazara community and wounded more than 230 during a peaceful protest on saturday. The book said a lot of things i didnt know, things my teachers. In the late 1900s, pashtun king amir abdul rahman khan ordered the killing of all. He skimmed through a couple of pages, snickered, handed the book back. The conflict between pashtuns and hazaras the bailey blog. Pashtun the pashtun are afghanistans largest ethnic group, and pakistans second largest. Muhammad zakirya rated it it was amazing jun 03, 2014. Were you surprised to learn about the racial tension. The pashtuns are mostly living in the south and southeast of afghanistan. The allocation of historically hazara pastures to pashtun nomads became a. Conflicts driving off traditional niche class have lit a spark between these two groups.
There are also mongol influences in less than ten percent of hazaras. Excavations of prehistoric sites suggest that early humans were living in what is now afghanistan and northwest pakistan at least 50,000 years ago. May 18, 2016 when amir showed the history book on the hazaras to his teacher, he reacted with disgust, the following week, after class, i showed the book to my teacher and pointed to the chapter on the hazaras. Following muslim conquests from the 7th to 11th centuries, many pashtun ghazis warriors invaded and conquered much of the northern parts of south asia during the periods of the ghaznavids, ghurids, lodis, suris and durranis. Were you surprised to learn about the racial tension between.
The hazara people are nomads that were forced to live in the. Abdur rahman khan favored the pashtun people and despised the hazara. The vast majority of pashtuns are found in the traditional pashtun homeland, located in an area south of the oxus river in afghanistan and west of the indus river in pakistan, which includes khyberpakhtunkhwa, federally administered tribal areas fata and part of balochistan. The pashtuns are mostly sunni muslims, speak pashto and are overwhelmingly caucasian. Faiz mahomed, the hazara chief, thinking, however, that the disturbed state of affairs at kabul afforded him a good opportunity of recovering gratis the property ha had sold, planned an attack upon the afghan village, and in the dead of night killed every man and child in it, distributing the women among his own followers.
Jan 21, 2015 the conflict between pashtuns and hazaras i chose the topic of the conflict between the pashtuns and the hazaras because it is a new topic for me to study. In it, i read that my people, the pashtuns, had persecuted and oppressed the hazaras. According to the book, the pashtuns, had persecuted and oppressed the hazaras. Hazaras are mostly shia, with a history of ties to iran, whereas most. The hazaras are not from the same part of asia as the pashtuns, not afghani. Hazaras are victims of the blame game in afghanistan kamran. The conflict between the hazara and pashtun the conflict between the hazara and the pashtun started when abdur rahman khan became the ruler of afghanistan. On page 9, amir read from a book that says pashtuns had persecuted and oppressed the hazaras the reason was that pashtuns were sunni muslims, while hazaras were shia. Hazaras are victims of the blame game in afghanistan. The hazaras is book on the history of hazara people and afghanistan by the writer hassan poladi. Millions of pashtuns have lived in close and daily contact with many other ethnic groups tajiks, hazaras, uzbeks, turkmen, baluch, punjabis, etc.
The hazaras form a minority group of afghanistan, and thus are persecuted by the majority groups. Theres facts, assumptions, unclear anaalysis all over the place, and it all doesnt make sense. Hazaras are victims of the blame game in afghanistan kamran mir hazar the taliban persecute hazaras, but this is ignored by the us as it doesnt fit. Some researchers believe the term hazara came from the word hazar which meaning one thousand. Jan 07, 2011 people see the hazaras as slaves to the pashtuns.
Overall, hazaras have no hatred towards any group least of all tajiks from afghanistan. The sunni and shia muslims have had a history of conflict. The history of hazara people in pakistan dates back to the 1840s, when hazara tribesmen from hazarajat began migration to colonial india. Quoting from afghan researher muhammad anwar numyalais book, fundamentals of the pashtun social history, the article says. Aug 11, 2019 specifically, pashtuns in the kandahar region have a tradition that they are descended from the grecomacedonian troops of alexander the great, who invaded the area in b. The story of the hazara people rear vision abc radio. What are some quotes about hazaras being denied an education. It also said some things i did know, like that people called hazaras miceeating. The history between hazaras and pashtuns has been very rough.
Hazaras believe in the superstitions that are common in the country. Pashtuns project gutenberg selfpublishing ebooks read. The hazaras are shiite muslims, and the pashtuns are sunni muslims. The history of hazara people was mostly written by their enemies. Some of the ethnic groups of the afghanistan are pashtun, tajik, hazara, uzbek, aimak, turkmen, baloch, pashai and many more. Pashtuns are intimately tied to the history of modern afghanistan, pakistan and northern india. Current numbers suggest that roughly 42 per cent of afghans consider themselves pashtun, whereas the rest of the population is constituted of tajik sunni persianspeakers 27 per cent, the shiite hazara also persianspeakers, but of another. They are distinct ethnic groups and, as said before, the hazara are a minority group in afghanistan.
What are some of the reasons behind the hazara pashtun conflict. An account of pashtun and hazara enmity in 19th century. Racism, ethnic, afghans, pashtun, hazara, kite runner. This is an excellent description of how sectarian politics in afghanistan offered foreign. The pashtuns pushed the hazara out of uruzgan and reoccupied it. The pashtuns are the preservers of the patriarchal feudal traditions of a tribal society. History comes to know them as the people who never allowed themselves to be ruled by any great power until the last quarter of the 20th century after which they came at the receiving end of the ravages of the cold war which devoured afghanistan completely once the soviets invaded it in 1979. I chose the topic of the conflict between the pashtuns and the hazaras because it is a new topic for me to study. The conflict between the pashtuns and hazaras in the kite runner directly reflects the real life issues in afghanistan starting in the late 70s and continuing on past 2001. The pashtun element in afghan society openedition books. The hazaras say they are considered outsiders in their own country and have been persecuted throughout history. They tried to change or destroy the great cultural and historical background of hazaras. The information he gets from teachers and books provides the historical context.
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